Standards/Policy Papers17 min read23 citations

Open RAN and AI: Standardization Gaps and Research Directions

Dr. Michele Polese, Prof. Tommaso Melodia

Northeastern University

Jan 10, 2026View on arXiv

Abstract

This paper identifies and analyzes the standardization gaps at the intersection of Open RAN and AI in the O-RAN Alliance specifications. We evaluate the current RIC (RAN Intelligent Controller) architecture against the requirements of advanced AI workloads including deep reinforcement learning and federated learning. Seven critical gaps are identified, including model lifecycle management, real-time inference latency bounds, and multi-vendor AI interoperability. We propose solutions for each gap and prioritize them for standardization.

AI Summary

AI-Generated Summary
  • Identifies seven standardization gaps at the intersection of Open RAN and AI.
  • Evaluates current O-RAN RIC architecture against advanced AI requirements.
  • Proposes solutions for model lifecycle management and multi-vendor AI interoperability.
  • Prioritizes gaps for O-RAN Alliance standardization roadmap.

Key Findings

  • 1Current O-RAN specs lack sufficient support for real-time DRL inference.
  • 2Multi-vendor AI model interoperability is the most critical gap.
  • 3Model lifecycle management needs standardized APIs for training, deployment, and monitoring.

Industry Implications

O-RAN Alliance should prioritize AI-related specifications in upcoming releases.

Vendors need to collaborate on common AI model formats and interfaces.

Closing these gaps is essential for AI-RAN to achieve its full potential.

Open RANO-RANStandardizationAI-RAN

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